High Availability (Active/Passive)
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sipXecs implementation using existing iSCSI shared storage and CentOS clustering.
Caveats
- It should be noted this is a highly complex topic
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- .
- This document does not cover all aspects of clustering and failover scenarios and is not intended to go through the exact
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- installation steps.
- It is advisable to keep the cluster nodes on their own subnet as each node broadcasts "heartbeats" to the other node to ensure it is still alive.
System requirements
- Two high power servers (8 GB RAM minimum) with three NICs in each
- Dedicated networks for each service
- Fencing device on each server such as Dell DRAC or HP iLO. This is so if a cluster node is misbehaving it is immediately powered off instead of causing data corruption as well as to trigger proper failover.
Example Diagram
The following is a diagram of the clustering scenario we will be setting up: 
Install OS
Install CentOS 5.6 on two identical servers. You may also configure the NICs at this point. One NIC will be for the iSCSI storage network (eth2), one will be for clustering heartbeat (eth1), and one NIC will be for all other communications, including sipXecs (eth0).
When setting the default gateway, it must be set on the main communication interface (eth0). This is done automatically in initial setup but can be changed to the detriment of the system post install. DO NOT set the default gateway on any interface other than the primary communication interface (eth0).
It is also advisable to set the hostname at this time. The hostname MUST be the same on both systems otherwise openUC sipXecs will fail to function if switched to another node.
When prompted for software selection, deselect desktop - – Gnome and select Clustering and Storage Clustering. Perform the install.
Post Installation
After each system reboots you'll need to disable the firewall and turn of SELinux. This is done when the Setup Agent appears. Choose Firewall, then disable all security settings.
After you have disabled the security settings perform a system update on both systems:
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yum update |
After the update reboot both systems. Once you've rebooted, install the software package xauth to enable X11 forwarding (used later):
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yum install xauth |
Connect to Shared iSCSI disk
Each server needs to have iSCSI turned on to connect. Run the following commands to enable iSCSI:
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chkconfig iscsi |
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on service iscsi start |
On each server you need to connect to a blank (fresh) shared iSCSI disk. For example, if your iSCSI shared disk is located at IP address 172.16.5.10 you would run the following command on each server:
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iscsiadm -m discovery -t sendtargets -p 172.16.5. |
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10 service iscsi restart |
You will now see the addition of a drive to the server, usually /dev/sda or something similar.
Configure LVM to allow for filesystem clustering
Edit /etc/lvm/lvm.conf on each node and change the following line:
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locking_type = 1 |
to
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locking_type = 3 |
and run the following command for this change to take effect:
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vgscan |
Add Clustered Network Script
Create a file on both nodes called /usr/local/bin/clusnet and fill it will the following, modifying SIPX_IP='172.16.1.5' on line 15 to the be the IP address of the openUC sipXecs system, as well as the Ethernet interfaces for your services:
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#!/bin/bash |
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# # # # Simple script for cluster services to use for bare metal ethernet interface # # chkconfig: 345 89 14 # description: Starts and stops the clustered service network interface # processname: net # # Source function library. . /etc/init.d/functions |
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SIPX_IP='172.16.1.5' |
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SIPX_INTERFACE=eth0 |
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CLUS_INTERFACE=eth2 |
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ISCSI_INTERFACE=eth1 |
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PROG_NAME=clusnet |
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RETVAL=0 |
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DEFAULT_GW=`cat /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-$SIPX_INTERFACE | grep GATEWAY | sed 's/GATEWAY=//g'` |
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SUBNET_MASK=`cat /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-$SIPX_INTERFACE | grep NETMASK | sed 's/NETMASK=//g'` |
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INTUP=`/sbin/ifconfig | grep -c $SIPX_INTERFACE`; |
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# <define any local shell functions used by the code that follows> |
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start() |
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{ echo -n "Starting $SIPX_INTERFACE: " |
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ip address flush dev eth0 |
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sleep |
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3 ifconfig $SIPX_INTERFACE $SIPX_IP |
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netmask $SUBNET_MASK |
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up sleep 3 route add default gw $DEFAULT_GW |
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$SIPX_INTERFACE |
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echo echo -n $"$SIPX_INTERFACE is up."; |
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success $"$SIPX_INTERFACE is up."; |
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echo chkconfig postgresql off return $RETVAL } stop() { echo -n "Shutting down $SIPX_INTERFACE: |
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" ifdown $SIPX_INTERFACE |
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ifup $SIPX_INTERFACE |
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ifup $ISCSI_INTERFACE |
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ifup $CLUS_INTERFACE |
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echo |
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echo -n $"Interface $SIPX_INTERFACE is down."; |
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success $"Interface $SIPX_INTERFACE is down."; |
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echo chkconfig postgresql off return $RETVAL } getstatus() { if [ $INTUP -lt 1 ] then echo echo -n $"Interface $SIPX_INTERFACE is down." failure $"Interface $SIPX_INTERFACE is down." echo return 1; fi echo echo -n $"Interface $SIPX_INTERFACE is up."; success $"Interface $SIPX_INTERFACE is up."; echo return $RETVAL } case "$1" in start) start ;; stop) stop ;; status) getstatus ;; restart) stop sleep 5 start ;; *) echo "Usage: $PROG_NAME {start|stop|status|restart}" |
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exit 1
;;
esac
exit $RETVAL
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You'll also need to make the script executable by running:
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chmod +x /usr/local/bin/clusnet* |
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This script replaces your primary communication network's IP address with that of the |
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sipXecs servers IP address. This is so there will not be any IP address conflict within |
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sipXecs services. |
Configure Clustering
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Initial cluster configuration is done with the utility system-configure-cluster which, if you're running a headless (text only) install, will require the use of X forwarding via PuTTY and Xming. Download Xming from http://sourceforge.net/projects/xming/files/Xming/6.9.0.31/Xming-6-9-0-31-setup.exe/download and install it, then start it. In PuTTY, enable the option Enable X11 Forwarding under Connection >> SSH >> X11. You may then connect to the primary node server and run the following command:
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system-config-cluster |
This will open the CentOS cluster configuration system:
Click on Create New Configuration to begin configuring the cluster.
Enter the name of the cluster you wish to create. For this example we will create a cluster called uc_cluster:
For a simple two node cluster it is not necessary to use a quorum disk. Click OK.
Add Nodes
We now need to add all of our cluster information into the cluster configuration manager the first thing we need to do is add our cluster nodes. To do this click on Cluster Nodes and click Add a Cluster Node. Be sure to use IP addresses and not DNS host names :
Click OK then add the second node in the same fashion.
Add Fencing Device
In the system requirements section of this document it was noted that you would need some sort of manual fencing device to enable the cluster to power down a troublesome node. To add a fencing device, click on Fence Devices then click on Add a Fencing Device. You will now need to select the type of fencing device you have installed:
Once you have selected your fencing device you will need to enter a descriptive name, IP address, username, and password to connect to the device.
Add one fencing device into the cluster manager for each iLO/DRAC you have (for two servers, you'd have two fencing devices).
Fencing, however, is beyond the scope of this document. For demonstration purposes we will use manual fencing.
Add Fencing Device to Cluster Nodes
Each cluster node needs to have its own fencing device assigned to itself so that the cluster manager knows how to power down the device. To add a fencing device to a cluster node, click on Cluster Nodes, click on the cluster node you wish to modify, then click Manage Fencing For This Node. You will now see the following:
Click on Add a New Fence Level then click on the fence level that was just created, Fence-Level-1 then click Add a New Fence to this Level, then select the fence device associated with that server. Click OK to return to the cluster node fence configuration:
Click Close to return to the cluster configuration system. Repeat the cluster node fence configuration for the other node in this cluster.
Add Resources
All items utilized by the cluster nodes are known as resources. In our case, our resources are:
- Network device startup script
- IP Address
- PostgreSQL script
- Phonelogd script
- sipXecs script
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When using a script in a clustering environment in must be an init style script, accepting stop, start, restart, and status as arguments. |
To add an IP address click Create a Resource then in the resource type selection drop down box select IP Address. Enter the IP address that openUC sipXecs will be using along with the subnet mask, then click OK.
To add a PostgreSQL script click Create a Resource then in the resource type selection drop down box select Script. Enter the following information:
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- Name: clusnet
- File (with path): /usr/local/bin/clusnet
Add Cluster Service
Once you've created all the necessary resources you must now assign them to a cluster service.
To add a service, click on Services then click Add a Service. Enter a descriptive name for the service, such as sipXpbx, then click OK. The service configuration windows window will now appear:
You'll notice there are two options regarding resources: Create a new resource for this service and Add a Shared Resource to this service. Since we already created the resources we do not need to create them again, so click Add a Shared Resource to this service which will prompt you to select an existing resource:
You first need to select the IP Address that you created earlier and click OK. This will be the top resource in this service, meaning this resource will start before all other resources start.
Once you've added the the IP address you will need to add the network device startup script (clusnet) by clicking Add Shared resource to this service. Select the clusnet resource created earlier then click OK. Select the clusnet resource you just added then click Attach a Shared Resource to the selection, then select the PGSQL-8 resource you created earlier and click OK. Now add Phonelogd and sipXecs the same way as subordinates of the PostgreSQL resource. You
Your resource hierarchy should look similar to this:
For now we don't want this service to automatically start when the cluster service starts so we need to disable automatic startup for this service. To do this uncheck the Autostart This Service checkbox, then click Close
Save cluster configuration
To save the cluster configuration, click on File then click on Save and save the configuration to /etc/cluster/cluster.conf
Propagate the Cluster Configuration
For the initial propagation of the cluster configuration to the second cluster node you will need to manually copy /etc/cluster/cluster.conf from the primary node to the secondary node. This can be done with SCP or by copying and pasting the contents of the file.
Start Clustering Service
To start the clustering service and all of the necessary dependencies, run the following commands on both nodes:
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service cman |
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start service rgmanager start service clvmd start service gfs start vgscan chkconfig cman on chkconfig clvmd on chkconfig rgmanager on chkconfig gfs on |
To verify that the cluster service is up and running, run the clustat command. You should see output similar to the following:
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Cluster Status for uc_cluster @ |
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Sun Jul 3 14:46:41 2011 Member Status: Quorate Member Name ID Status ------ ---- ---- ------ 172.16. |
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4.5 1 Online, Local, rgmanager 172.16.4.8 2 Online, rgmanager Service Name Owner (Last) State ------- ---- ----- ------ ----- service:sipXpbx |
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172.16. |
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4.5 disabled
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Create Clustered Storage
As of this writing the best filesystem to use for cluster storage is GFS. This is because unlike most other filesystems, GFS is safe to mount on both nodes at the same time without risking data corruption. This allows for quick failover with less risk of data corruption.
Create LVM
GFS requires LVM to operate properly, so we will need to create a LVM physical volume (PV), volume group (VG), and logical volumes (LV). This only needs to be done on one node of the cluster, preferably the primary node.
Enter the following commands to create the PV and the VG (assuming /dev/sda for the shared disk)
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pvcreate /dev/sda vgcreate sipx-vol /dev/sda |
Now let's create some logical volumes. There will need to be 5 total logical volumes as there are 5 distinct area that need to be shared for proper openUC sipXecs operation:
- /etc/sipxpbx
- /var/sipxdata
- /opt/openfire
- /opt/freeswitch
- /var/lib/pgsql
We'll start off with a logical volume called etc_sipxpbx:
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lvcreate -L5G -netc_sipxpbx sipx-vol |
This creates a 5 GB logical volume with the name etc_sipxpbx in the volume group sipx-vol.
Now we need to create the rest of these volumes. Bear in mind that the PostgreSQL database (/var/lib/pgsql) and the openUC sipXecs data store (/var/sipxdata) will need the most space.
Run the following commands, changing the space values per your needs:
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lvcreate -L5G -nopenfire sipx-vol lvcreate -L5G -nfreeswitch sipx-vol lvcreate -L30G -nsipxdata sipx-vol lvcreate -L30G -npgsql sipx-vol |
Create GFS file systems
Run the following command to create a GFS partition on the etc_sipxpbx volume (this only needs to be done on one node of the cluster, preferably the primary node):
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gfs_mkfs -p lock_dlm -t uc_cluster:etc_sipxpbx -j 2 /dev/sipx-vol/etc_sipxpbx |
Here is an explanation of the arguments:
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Create the filesystem on each LV:
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gfs_mkfs -p lock_dlm -t uc_cluster:freeswitch -j 2 /dev/sipx-vol/freeswitch gfs_mkfs -p lock_dlm -t uc_cluster:openfire -j 2 /dev/sipx-vol/openfire gfs_mkfs -p lock_dlm -t uc_cluster:pgsql -j 2 /dev/sipx-vol/pgsql gfs_mkfs -p lock_dlm -t uc_cluster:sipxdata -j 2 /dev/sipx-vol/sipxdata |
Mount Filesystems in Appropriate Locations
First we need to create the directories where these filesystems will be located. Run the following commands on both nodes:
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mkdir /opt/freeswitch mkdir /opt/openfire mkdir /var/sipxdata mkdir /etc/sipxpbx mkdir /var/lib/pgsql |
Edit /etc/fstab and add the following lines to the end of the file:
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/dev/sipx-vol/freeswitch /opt/freeswitch |
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gfs defaults 0 0 /dev/sipx-vol/openfire /opt/openfire gfs defaults 0 0 /dev/sipx-vol/sipxdata /var/sipxdata gfs defaults 0 0 /dev/sipx-vol/etc_sipxpbx /etc/sipxpbx gfs defaults 0 0 /dev/sipx-vol/pgsql /var/lib/pgsql gfs defaults 0 0 |
Now mount all of the partitions on both servers:
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mount /etc/ |
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sipxpbx mount /opt/ |
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freeswitch mount /opt/ |
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openfire mount /var/ |
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sipxdata mount /var/lib/pgsql |
Install
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sipXecs Packages
Now that we have all the shared storage mounted we can install and set up openUCsipXecs. First we need to install the repository. Edit /etc/yum.repos.d/sipxecs.repo on both nodes and add the following information:
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[ |
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sipXecs] name= |
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sipXecs software for CentOS $releasever - $basearch baseurl=http:// |
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download. |
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sipfoundry. |
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org/pub/ |
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sipXecs/4.4.0/CentOS_$releasever/ |
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$basearch gpgcheck=0 |
Now, on the first node only, install the necessary packages to support openUCsipXecs:
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yum install |
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sipxecs caching-nameserver bind ntp |
After the first installation has completely finished, perform the same installation on the second node.NOTE:
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In the unlikely event that your postgres and sipxchange UID and GID do not match up on the two nodes, you will need to change /etc/passwd and /etc/group on the first node to match the values present on the second node. This is because the installation is performed last on the second node and filesystem permissions are set to the UID of the user on the second node. |
Run
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sipXecs setup
On the primary node, enable the sipXecs NIC buy running the following command:
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/usr/local/bin/clusnet start |
Now modify /etc/hosts on both nodes to have the correct information. This includes setting the local hostname to the cluster IP address:
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# Do not remove the following line, or various programs# that require network functionality will fail. 127.0.0.1 localhost.localdomain |
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localhost 172.16.1.5 openuc.sip.corp.ezuce.com openuc |
Run the following command on the primary node:
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sipxecs-setup |
Enter all the necessary information and then when prompted, select Exit to prompt.
Disable sipXecs services from starting at bootup:
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chkconfig sipxecs off chkconfig postgresql off chkconfig phonelogd off |
Now we need to generate the default postgres configuration. On the primary server start postgresql:
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service postgresql start |
And now stop it (the cluster will manage this service):
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service postgresql stop |
You'll also need to change the IP address of your primary node's communication interface (eth0)
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back to the original settings by running:
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/usr/local/bin/clusnet stop |
DNS Caching Nameserver Configuration
Because running sipxecs-setup-system would have broken many things we'll have to perform a few steps involving DNS manually.
The first thing we need to do on both nodes is remove the file /etc/named. caching-nameserver.conf and add our own /etc/named.conf with the following contents:
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// WARNING: Name server configuration is a sipX automatically generated file. //Contents may be overwritten unless you change the mode to "Manual". //Available modes: //"Master" - Master name server (on primary server). //"Slave" - Slave named server (on distributed server). //"Caching" - Caching only name server. //"Manual" - Blocks future automatic updates. // DNS_MODE="Caching" // |
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options { directory "/var/named"; dump-file "/var/named/data/cache_dump.db"; statistics-file "/var/named/data/named_stats.txt"; |
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forwarders { 192.168.5.20; 192.168.5.22; }; forward only; }; |
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Change the forwarders section to match your DNS servers. |
Restart the caching DNS server and enable it during startup:
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service named restart chkconfig named on |
Modify /etc/resolv.conf to use the local caching DNS server first, changing the other values as needed:
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search sip.corp.ezuce.com nameserver 127.0.0.1 nameserver 192.168.5.20 nameserver 192.168.5.22 |
Reboot both nodes simultaneously for all configuration changes to take effect.
Starting
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sipXecs Cluster Service
To start
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sipXecs you'll need to start system-config-cluster then click on the Cluster Management tab at the top of the window. Here you'll see the active nodes and services:
To start the sipXpbx service, click on the service and then click the Enable button. This will start all the necessary services.